Ataque cerebral

Aprender lo que es un AIT, como es un signo serio de advertencia de un ataque cerebral y la importancia de llamar al 911 si alguien está mostrando los signos de tener un AIT.

Un ataque isquémico transitorio o AIT, a veces se conoce como un "mini accidente cerebrovascular". Esto ocurre cuando se interrumpe el suministro de sangre al cerebro durante un período muy corto de tiempo. El AIT es una afección grave y no debe ignorarse. Este video muestra lo que debe tener en cuenta y por qué debe buscar tratamiento de inmediato.

Con este video aprenderás sobre los tres distintos tipos de ataques cerebrales.

La mayoría de los ataques cerebrales se pueden prevenir, aprende cómo reducir tu riesgo.

Un ataque cerebral cambia muchas cosas en tu vida. Aprende sobre los efectos comunes de un ataque cerebral.

Entender los factores de riesgo controlables y no controlables que aumentan sus posibilidades de tener un ataque cerebral.

Aprende cómo el ejercicio puede ayudar a recuperarte de un ataque cerebral y reducir la probabilidad de sufrir otro en el futuro.

Hay varios tipos de enfermedades del corazón y de los vasos sanguíneos. Muchas de ellas se pueden prevenir si toma estas medidas clave. © AHA

Es muy importante diagnosticar el ataque cerebral mientras está ocurriendo, pues el tratamiento del ataque cerebral depende del tipo y, en algunos casos, de la ubicación de la lesión en el cerebro. Para diagnosticar un ataque cerebral, se deben descartar otras condiciones con síntomas similares a los del ataque cerebral y a los del ataque isquémico transitorio (AIT). Algunos de estos síntomas incluyen convulsiones, desmayos, migrañas, sobredosis de drogas, problemas cardíacos u otras afecciones médicas en general. © AHA

Aproximadamente un 13 por ciento de los ataques cerebrales ocurren cuando se rompe un vaso sanguíneo en el cerebro o cerca de éste. A esto se le llama ataque hemorrágico al cerebro. Cuando sucede un ataque hemorrágico al cerebro, la sangre se acumula en el tejido cerebral. Esto es tóxico para el tejido cerebral y hace que las células de esa área se debiliten y mueran.

Hipertensión arterial (HBP) significa que la fuerza de la sangre que empuja contra las paredes de los vasos sanguíneos está constantemente en el rango alto. Unaa HBP no controlada puede provocar un ataque o derrame cerebral, ataque cardíaco, insuficiencia cardíaca o insuficiencia renal. © AHA

La mayoría de los ataques cerebrales ocurre cuando los vasos sanguíneos que llegan al cerebro se estrechan u obstruyen con depósitos grasos llamados placa. Esto reduce el flujo sanguíneo a las células cerebrales. Un ataque cerebral causado por falta de sangre a una parte del cerebro se denomina ataque isquémico al cerebro. La presión arterial alta es uno de los principales factores de riesgo de sufrir un ataque cerebral isquémico. © AHA

Existen factores de riesgo que pueden terminar en un ataque cerebral que puede controlar y otros que no puede controlar. Aprenda cuáles puede cambiar o tratar y cuáles factores de riesgo están fuera de su control. © AHA

Un ataque cerebral ocurre cuando un vaso sanguíneo que lleva sangre y oxígeno al cerebro se obstruye con un coágulo o se rompe. Cuando esto sucede, las neuronas no reciben la sangre y oxígeno que necesitan para sobrevivir. Esto provoca que las neuronas dejen de funcionar y mueran en minutos. Entonces la parte del cuerpo que controlan se ven afectadas. Los efectos del ataque cerebral pueden ser permanentes en función de cuántas células se han perdido, dónde se encuentran en el cerebro y otros factores. © AHA

A hemorrhagic stroke happens when a blood vessel in the brain ruptures or leaks. A blood vessel on the surface of the brain bursts (hemorrhages). This spills blood into the surrounding tissue. This type of stroke often happens suddenly, with little warning.

The earlier treatment for a stroke is started after symptoms begin, the more likely you are to survive and recover. Here is what you can expect during treatment.

Every part of your body, including your heart and your brain, needs oxygen to work. Oxygen is carried in the blood. Blood vessels called arteries carry oxygen-rich blood throughout the body. Both heart attack and stroke are due to problems in the arteries. The same factors that cause heart disease can make you more likely to have a stroke.

This type of stroke can have a wide range of effects in the body and cause a broad range of symptoms.

Most strokes are caused by a blockage in a blood vessel that supplies the brain. They can also occur if a blood vessel in the brain ruptures (bursts open).

A TIA (transient ischemic attack) is an early warning that a stroke (also called a brain attack) is coming. A TIA is a temporary stroke. It causes no lasting damage. But the effects of a stroke, if it happens, can be very serious and lasting. Here are symptoms to watch for.

When the carotid arteries are healthy, the brain gets all the oxygen and nutrients it needs to function well. If the carotid arteries are damaged, however, it can greatly increase your chances of stroke.

The Hunt-Hess scale helps the doctor assess a patient's condition.

Each day that your blood pressure is too high, your chances of having a stroke are increased.

You have an arteriovenous malformation (AVM). An AVM is an abnormal tangle of blood vessels in the brain. Some AVMs never burst (rupture). But there are factors that can lead to rupture. If you have an AVM, you were likely born with it. But most people don't know they have one until a problem happens.

Here you will find out how to prepare for AVM surgery, what to expect the day of surgery, and the risks of surgery.

The brain needs a constant supply of blood to work. During a stroke, blood stops flowing to part of the brain.

Certain health and lifestyle issues - called risk factors - increase your chances of having a stroke. This page helps you identify which risk factors you have.

A stroke requires immediate medical attention. Know the signs of stroke.

Eating healthy foods helps lower cholesterol levels and reduce plaque buildup in arteries. It can also help you lose weight and keep high blood pressure under control.

After a stroke, you may not be able to do everything you used to. But there are still simple ways you can stay active.

Breaking old habits can be hard. But when your health is at stake, it's never too late to make changes for the better. Some lifestyle changes might be easy for you. Others might be tough.

A subdural hematoma is a buildup of blood on the surface of the brain. The blood builds up in a space between the layers that surround your brain.

A carotid dissection is a tear in the inner layer of an artery in the neck. You have one carotid artery on each side of your neck. These arteries send blood to your brain.

This test makes X-ray images of blood vessels in your brain. It is used to help your doctor find problems with those blood vessels.

Carotid artery disease causes a narrowing of the major blood vessels that supply the brain. It is caused by atherosclerosis and can lead to a stroke.

During a stroke, blood stops flowing to part of the brain. This can damage areas in the brain that control the rest of the body. Get help right away if any of these symptoms come on suddenly, even if the symptoms don't last.

Aprendiendo a reconocer los síntomas de un ataque cerebral, o los síntomas de un ataque isquémico transitorio, puede ayudar a reducir el daño que tú o alguien más sufra.

Muchos ataques cardíacos y cerebrales son provocados por coágulos de sangre que bloquean el flujo de sangre al corazón y cerebro. En tales casos, la intervención rápida de profesionales médicos, con medicamentos que disuelven coágulos, pueden reducir el daño causado por el coágulo.

Aprende cuáles medicinas se utilizan para tratar un ataque cerebral y ayudar a reducir los riesgos de otro ataque en el futuro.

Aprende lo que es un ataque cerebral y la importancia de obtener ayuda de inmediato.

Escucha la historia de un paciente para aprender cómo superó obstáculos para recuperarse física y emocionalmente de un ataque cerebral.

An ischemic stroke occurs when blood flow to the brain is blocked. This is most often due to a blood clot in an artery in the brain or an artery leading to the brain. Treatment is needed right away to help dissolve the clot and restore normal blood flow.

Vertebral artery dissection is the most common causes of stroke in young and middle-aged adults, but it can occur at any age.

After a stroke, a person may feel sudden or extreme emotions. Sadness and depression are common. These feelings may be due to damage in the brain. Or they may be a response to the person's awareness of what has happened.

Follow the swallowing guide below. Your speech therapist will check off the boxes that apply to you.

You have narrowing of a blood vessel or carotid artery in your neck. It is caused by a substance called plaque that has built up in your artery. This can cause a transient ischemic attack or TIA. Here is information on surgery to help your condition.

Know what the options are for treating a brain aneurysm.

Embolization is a procedure used to treat a brain aneurysm. Learn about how it's done, and possible risks.

Carotid artery stenting can help reduce the chance that you will have a stroke. Be sure to follow the instructions below and any other instructions your healthcare provider gives you.

Carotid endarterectomy removes plaque that has built up in your carotid artery. This helps reduce your risk for stroke. Be sure to follow all of the instructions you are given.

After a stroke, a person may have trouble using all or part of the body. Improving posture, range of motion, and strength are early goals.

Some people have trouble swallowing (dysphagia) after a stroke. This makes choking more likely. It also puts their health at further risk for conditions like aspiration pneumonia. To maintain nutritional needs, a speech therapist may teach your loved one ways to improve swallowing.

After a stroke, people can regain a sense of power by helping to take care of themselves. Many can learn ways to manage a lack of bowel and bladder control. And using impaired arms and legs to bathe and dress helps regain muscle strength. In fact, daily use of affected hands often helps bring back function.

Your carotid dissection may need to be treated in a hospital. Treatment choices depend on your age, overall health, and symptoms.

Angioplasty and stenting is a type of procedure to improve the blood flow in an artery or vein.

Transcranial doppler is a kind of imaging test that looks at blood flow in your brain. It uses special sound waves and a computer to see how well blood is moving through blood vessels in real time.

Tests that may be used to help diagnose a stroke include a CT scan or MRI, and an electroencephalogram.

TCAR is a type of treatment for carotid artery disease. TCAR helps prevent a stroke by unblocking a blocked artery.

Rehab services are provided in many different places, including hospitals, long-term care facilities, and community health centers. Read on to learn about what to look for when choosing a rehab facility and services.

Este programa muestra cómo un plan de recuperación de un ataque cerebral ayuda a guiar tu cuidado después de haber sufrido un ataque cerebral, para adquirir cualquier función perdida y reducir tu riesgo de volver a sufrir otro ataque cerebral.

Muchas personas ayudan a tu recuperación. Este programa describe quién es tu equipo de recuperación.

Si sufres un ataque cerebral, esto también afecta a las personas que te aman y apoyan. Aprende cómo puede afectar a tus cuidadores un ataque cerebral, y cuáles pasos puedes seguir para apoyarlos.

Con este video aprenderás como un ataque cerebral afecta la manera en que se mueve, piense y siente una persona.

Después de un ataque cerebral, tal vez tengas problemas para hacer actividades diarias. Con este video aprenderás sobre el beneficio de la rehabilitación de un ataque cerebral.

Aprende cómo los grupos de apoyo ayudan a sobrevivientes de ataques cerebrales y a los que los cuidan.

Mirar las estrategias comunes que pueden ayudar a los pacientes y a los trabajadores de la salud a confrontar los sentimientos y frustraciones que a menudo se experimentan con el ataque cerebral.

Aprende cómo deciden tu equipo médico y tú sobre el mejor lugar para que continúes recuperándote después de salir del hospital.

Aprender que recursos pueden estar disponibles para ayudarle con sus gastos médicos.

Un infarto cerebral, o ataque al cerebro, puede tener efectos que duran por mucho tiempo en tu cuerpo y en tu mente. Escucha lo que dicen los sobrevivientes de un ataque cerebral, tanto como las personas que los cuidan; sobre los retos que tienen y cómo los enfrentan. Además, un neurólogo explica el proceso de rehabilitación de un ataque cerebral, y el papel que desempeña el equipo de rehabilitación.

Las personas que se recuperan de un ataque al cerebro, tanto como las personas que los cuidan y los neurólogos, describen el papel importante que juegan la terapias física y ocupacional, para la recuperación de un ataque cerebral.

Un ataque cerebral puede provocar problemas para hablar, para entender y encontrar las palabras, dificultades con la memoria, y otros tipos de comunicación. Escucha lo que dicen los sobrevivientes de un ataque cerebral y los expertos médicos, sobre cómo las estrategias de supervivencia y de rehabilitación pueden ayudar con problemas del habla y comunicación, tanto en el hospital como en casa.

Un ataque cerebral puede causar grandes problemas que pueden impactar todos los aspectos de tu vida, incluyendo la salud de tu estado emotivo. Además, el daño causado a ciertas partes del cerebro puede afectar tanto las emociones como el comportamiento. Descubre grupos de apoyo para sobrevivientes de un ataque cerebral, estrategias para enfrentar peligros emotivos y la manera en que se pueden auto ayudar los encargados, al mismo tiempo que cuidan de sus seres queridos.

Su cerebro controla la forma en que se mueve, siente, comunica, piensa y actúa. Las lesiones cerebrales ocasionadas por un ataque cerebral pueden afectar cualquiera de estas capacidades. Algunos cambios son frecuentes, independiente del lugar en el que se produzca la lesión en el cerebro. Otros dependen del lado del cerebro en que se encuentre la lesión del ataque cerebral.

Después de un ataque cerebral, los músculos se pueden poner tensos, rígidos y resistir el estiramiento. A esto se le llama espasticidad. La espasticidad se relaciona al tono muscular. El tono es la tensión natural, o contracción, en un músculo que resiste el estiramiento. El ataque cerebral puede causar un aumento inusual de tono muscular, lo que lleva a la espasticidad. © AHA

La afasia es un trastorno del lenguaje que afecta la capacidad para comunicarse. Sus causas más frecuentes son lesiones relacionadas con un ataque o derrame cerebral en determinadas áreas del cerebro (por lo general, en el lado izquierdo) que afectan la manera en que utilizamos y comprendemos el lenguaje.

Hay vida - y esperanza - después de un ataque cerebral. La rehabilitación puede desarrollar su fortaleza, capacidad y confianza. Le puede ayudar a continuar sus actividades diarias a pesar de los efectos del ataque cerebral. © AHA

After a stroke, it may take some time before you feel ready to have sex again. Reading this sheet can help you understand some of what you're feeling. It can also help you work with your partner to rebuild intimacy and find ways to enjoy sex again.

When blood supply is cut off from the brain, cells begin to die from lack of oxygen. Within minutes, skills such as reasoning, speech, and some degree of arm, leg, or facial movement may be lost. The type of skills and the amount of loss depend on which part of the brain was affected, and how much tissue was damaged.

A femoral endarterectomy is surgery to restore blood flow through a large blood vessel in the groin area.

When your loved one returns home, you'll both need time to adjust. Here are tips for home care.

After being released from rehab, your loved one may need ongoing therapy or nursing care. Talk with a social worker or case manager about planning for care and local sources of support.

Performing your routine tasks may be difficult after you've had a stroke (brain attack). But many people can learn ways to manage their daily activities.

Endarterectomy is the removal of plaque from the carotid artery through an incision in the neck. This surgery has a low risk of stroke or complication (1% to 3%). It typically involves a quick recovery with little pain.

After surgery, you'll be taken to a recovery area. Later, you may be moved to a regular hospital room where you'll stay for 1 or 2 days.

You'll start feeling back to normal a day or 2 after getting home. But don't forget that you just had surgery. Here is information to speed your recovery.

Your hospital stay depends on the amount of damage caused by the aneurysm, your health, and your response to treatment and therapy. Your healthcare team will monitor how well treatment has worked and will decide whether you need rehabilitation.

An aneurysm may have affected your loved one's body functions, skills, and emotions. He or she may move on to a skilled nursing facility, a rehabilitation center, or go home and return for therapy as an outpatient.

It's important to get medical attention for an AVM as soon as possible. Often, immediate treatment may help prevent serious complications of some AVMs. Current surgical methods make treatment for AVM safer and more effective than ever. The goal of treatment is to stop the flow of blood within the AVM and to prevent it from re-bleeding.

After AVM surgery is completed, the surgeon will talk with your family and friends. You'll wake up in a recovery area. Then you'll be moved to a special unit, often an ICU (Intensive Care Unit), where you can be closely monitored.

This procedure was done to reduce your risk of a stroke, which can occur when the carotid arteries are severely blocked or narrowed. Here is information to help you care for yourself at home.

Here's how to care for yourself at home when you've been diagnosed with a stroke, or have a high risk for stroke.

You have been diagnosed with a transient ischemic attack (TIA). You can think of a TIA as a temporary or mini-stroke. If you think you are having symptoms of a TIA or stroke, get medical help right away - even if the symptoms go away.

After carotid artery stenting, you will most likely stay overnight in the hospital for care and monitoring. Here is what you can expect at the hospital.

During the surgical procedure, a long thin tube called a catheter is inserted into the artery. This is used to move instruments through the artery to put the stent in place. Here is information about the procedure.

You'll watch your incision site for bleeding, and take all medicines exactly as prescribed. You'll take it easy, but try to get back to your normal routine as much as possible.

Many people who have a stroke are left with problems with one of their arms. Proper arm care after a stroke can help treat these problems with your arm. It can also help prevent new problems from starting.

Angioplasty and stenting is a type of procedure to improve the blood flow in an artery or vein.

Many people who have a stroke have problems with the arm and leg on one side of their body. Good positioning after a stroke can help treat problems with your affected arm, leg, and vision. It can also help prevent new problems from developing.

You had a procedure called cerebral angiography. This is an X-ray study of the blood vessels that supply your brain. Here's what to do at home afterward.